VSWR, tahlehelo ea ho khutla (RL), matla a bonahatsoang, le matla a fetisoang

Likamano pakeng tsa Karolelano ea Maqhubu a Emeng a Voltage (VSWR), tahlehelo ea ho khutla (RL), matla a bonahatsoang, le matla a fetisoang li hokahane ka coefficient ea ho bonahatsoa (Γ). Ka tlase ke liforomo le mehato ea bohlokoa ea phetoho:

### **Mefuta ea Bohlokoa**
1. **Reflection Coefficient (Γ)**:

\Gamma = \frac{\text{VSWR} - 1}{\mongolo{VSWR} + 1}

2. **VSWR** ho tloha ho Γ:

\text{VSWR} = \frac{1 + |\Gamma|}{1 - |\Gamma|}

3. **Tahlehelo ea ho Khutla (RL)** ka dB:

\text{RL (dB)} = -20 \log_{10}(|\Gamma|)

4. **Matla a Bonahalitsoeng (%)**:

P_{\text{refl}} = |\Gamma|^2 \makgetlo a 100\%

5. **Matla a Fetisetsoang (%)**:

P_{\text{trans}} = \left(1 - |\Gamma|^2\right) \times 100\%

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### **Mehato ea Phetoho**
#### **1. Ho qala ka VSWR**:
- Bala Γ:

\Gamma = \frac{\text{VSWR} - 1}{\mongolo{VSWR} + 1}

- Sebelisa Γ ho fumana RL, matla a bonahatsoang, le matla a fetiselitsoeng u sebelisa mekhoa e ka holimo.

#### **2. Ho qala ka Tahlehelo ea ho Khutlela (RL ka dB)**:
- Bala Γ:

|\Gamma| = 10^{-\mongolo{RL}/20}

- Sebelisa Γ ho fumana VSWR, matla a bonahatsoang, le matla a fetisoang.

#### **3. Ho qala ka Matla a Bonahalitsoeng/a Fetisitsoeng**:
- Bakeng sa **matla a bonahaditsweng** (\(P_{\text{refl}}\)):

|\Gamma| = \sqrt{\frac{P_{\text{refl}}}{100}}

- Bakeng sa **matla a fetisetswang** (\(P_{\text{trans}}\)):

|\Gamma| = \sqrt{1 - \frac{P_{\text{trans}}}{100}

- Sebelisa Γ ho bala VSWR le RL.

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### **Tafole ea Mehlala**
| **VSWR** | **Tahlehelo ea ho Khutlisa (dB)** | **Matla a Bonahalitsoeng (%)** | **Matla a Fetisitsoeng (%)** |
|--------|- ...---|
| 1.0 | ∞ (Tšoantšiso e phethahetseng) | 0% | 100% |
| 1.5 | 14.0 dB | 4% | 96% |
| 2.0 | 9.5 dB | 11.1% | 88.9% |
| 3.0 | 6.0 dB | 25% | 75% |

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### **Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa**
- A **VSWR ea 1:1** e bolela ho se be le ponts'o (Γ = 0, RL = ∞).
- **VSWR** e phahameng kapa **RL** e tlase e bontša matla a bonahatsoang haholoanyane.
- **Matla a fetisetswang** a eketseha haholo ha VSWR e le ≈ 1.

Sebelisa mekhoa ena ho fetola pakeng tsa liparamente bakeng sa ho bapisa impedance lits'ebetsong tsa RF.